GRI 305-1 Direct (Scope 1) GHG emissions
Bracell’s Greenhouse Gas Inventories follow guidance provided in the latest edition of ISO 14064, the GHG Protocol, and the quantification methodologies published by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
Inventories are conducted at the corporate level, covering our pulp mills in São Paulo and Bahia, as well as forestry operations in those two states and Mato Grosso do Sul.
In 2024, Bracell’s Scope 1 fossil emissions accounted for 43% of the total, amounting to 731,362.80 tCO₂e—a 22.4% increase compared to the previous year. This increase was primarily driven by higher fossil fuel use in our logistics operations, especially due to longer transport distances between plantation areas and the mill, along with a significant rise in forest fire incidents.
The gases included in the Scope 1 emissions calculation are: CO2, CH4, N2O, HFCs and SF6.
| Scope 1 Categories | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | |||
| Emissions (tCO2e) | Percent Share (%) | Emissions (tCO2e) | Percent Share (%) | Emissions (tCO2e) | Percent Share (%) | |
| Mobile combustion | 96,418.860 | 15.7% | 121,700.475 | 20.4% | 214,992.18 | 29.4% |
| Stationary combustion | 356,481.661 | 58.0% | 309,539.105 | 51.8% | 296,113.67 | 40.5% |
| Generated waste and effluents | 46,321.353 | 7.5% | 596.112 | 0.1% | 13,974.3 | 1.9% |
| Fugitive | 3,139.397 | 0.5% | 5,231.529 | 0.9% | 12,284.43 | 1.7% |
| Agricultural operations | 111,079.267 | 18.1% | 155,955.175 | 26.1% | 154,586.98 | 21.1% |
| Land-use change | 1,232.098 | 0.2% | 4,431.985 | 0.7% | 39,411.23 | 5.4% |
| Total | 614,672.636 | 100% | 597,454.381 | 100% | 731,362.80 | 100% |
Bracell reports biogenic CO₂e emissions associated with forestry and mill operations. These include biomass combustion, the use of renewable biofuels in the logistics fleet, fire events, and the natural dynamics of eucalyptus forest management cycles. Unlike fossil-based emissions, biogenic emissions are generally considered carbon neutral over the long term, since they come from renewable biomass that absorbs CO₂ from the atmosphere during its growth.
| Emissions (tCO2e) | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
| Scope 1 | 614,673.00 | 597,454.00 | 731,362.80 |
| Scope 1 – Biogenic | 10,415,840.85 | 10,810,512.98 | 9,156,105.51 |
Carbon balance
In 2024, Bracell generated 1,716,315.84 tCO₂e in anthropogenic emissions from fossil fuel combustion (across Scopes 1, 2, and 3) and 2,227,222.45 tCO₂e in biogenic LULUCF emissions, and removed 4,119,009.65 tCO₂e through its planted and native forests. As a result, the net emissions balance was -175,471.36 tCO₂e, indicating a positive impact on climate.
In 2024 we achieved significant reductions in stationary combustion, including as a decrease in natural gas consumption and increased use of biomass in our gasifiers.
| Emissions | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
| Total (S1 + S2 + S3) | 1,555,114.00 | 1,701,669.00 | 1,716,315.84 |
| Scope 1 | 614,673.00 | 597,454.00 | 731,362.80 |
| Scope 2 | 5,258.00 | 9,611.00 | 13,213.63 |
| Scope 3 | 935,183.00 | 1,094,603.00 | 971,739.41 |
| Biogenic LULUCF emissions | 3,793,831.00 | 3,940,391.00 | 2,227,222.45 |
| Biogenic removals | -1,309,842.00 | -1,286,441.00 | -4,119,009.65 |
| Balance | 4,039,103.00 | 4,355,619.00 | -175,471.36 |